Energy use and retrofitting potential of heat pumps in cold climate hotels

Tourism, and thereby hotels, play a crucial role in the European economy. The hotel sector features high energy consumption, which greatly contributes to global warming effect. Thus, there is need investigate environmentally friendly technologies that have potential reduce usage within this sector. Information regarding current status of consumption hotels essential. Therefore, study 140 Norway Sweden presented paper identify successful sustainable measures related emissions. use, available sources thermal systems are studied over five-year period trends. results reveal 70% mean annual between 150 250 kWh/m2. A shift towards observed from 2015 2019, where application overall district heating cooling increased, while electrical has been reduced. District most prominent source applied as primary heat hotels. specific for group apply 218.9 kWh/m2/year, nearly 25% higher than 9% pump solutions source. Two integrated transcritical carbon dioxide (CO2) pumps were investigated measure consumption. reduction approximately 60% can be achieved.